Bark Endeavour- at the RAN Centenary Celebrations 2013.

by Geoff Childs

Title

Bark Endeavour- at the RAN Centenary Celebrations 2013.

Artist

Geoff Childs

Medium

Photograph - Digital Photogtaphy

Description

Bark Endeavour at the Royal Australian Navy International Fleet Review 2013. These Navy Centenary Celebrations were held on Sydney Harbour, Australia October 2013.
More 35 RAN and visting warships as well as 17 tall ships with 8,000 navy personel from 19 nations participated.
This special event commemorated the centenary of the first entry of the Royal Australian Navy Fleet into Sydney Harbour in 1913.

The Australian-built replica of James Cook's HMB Endeavour is one of the world's most accurate maritime reproductions.
On board the beautifully crafted ship, you'll see almost 30 kilometres of ropes and 750 wooden blocks or pulleys! The masts and spars carry 28 sails that spread approximately 10,000 sq feet (930 m2) of canvas.

Endeavour replica specifications
Name: Endeavour
Type: Ship-rigged Bark
Flag: Australia
Owner: Australian government
Management: Australian National Maritime Museum
Homeport: Sydney, Australia
Keel laid: October 1988
Launched: 9 December 1993
Commissioned: 16 April 1994
Dockyard: Mews Road, Fremantle, Western Australia
Displacement: 550 tonnes
Gross tonnage: 397
Hull construction: Jarrah below the waterline, oregon above
Length extreme: End bowsprit to end stern 143'5" (43.7 m)
Length overall: 109'3" (33.3 m)
Length waterline: 101'5" (30.92 m)
Beam: 29'2" (8.89 m)
Depth in hold: 11'4" (3.45 m)
Draught: 11'10" (3.6 m)
Sails: 27 - 9 square, 8 fore and aft, 10 studding sails
Height of mizzenmast: 78'9" (24 m)
Height of mainmast: 127'11" (39 m)
Height of foremast: 109'10" (33.5 m)
Machinery: Two 405-hp, 6-cylinder Caterpillar diesels with 4.5: 1 reduction gear boxes driving 3-bladed, 4 ft diameter controllable-pitch, fully-feathering propellers. Two diesel generators, one for day running and one for overload and night operations. Fuel capacity of 24,600 litres.
Speed: Average under engine 5 knots under sail 2.5 knots.
Sea crew - professional: 16
Voyaging crew - amateur: 36
Supernumeraries - passengers: 4
Figurehead: None
Carving: Stern, quarter badge windows, carrick heads
Employment: Sailing museum replica ship
Survey: AMSA USL 2A which gives Endeavour an unlimited international range as a sailing cargo ship. Endeavour is not a sail training ship.

Endeavour sail area: Approximately 10,000 sq feet (930 m2)

On bowsprit

1. Spritsail topsail 467 sq ft (43.38 m2)
2. Spritsail 435 sq ft (40.41 m2)
3. Jib 468 sq ft (43.39 m2)
4. Fore top stay sail 384 sq ft (35.67 m2)

Foremast

5. Fore course 840 sq ft (78.04 m2)
6. Fore topsail 989 sq ft (91.87 m2)
7. Fore t'gallant 467 sq ft (43.38 m2)

Between fore and main

8. Main topmast staysail 630 sq ft (58.53 m2)
9. Main t'gallant staysail 450 sq ft (41.8 m2)
10. Main staysail 431 sq ft (40.04 m2)

Mainmast

11. Main course 1197 sq ft (110.74 m2)
12. Main topsail 404 sq ft (37.53 m2)
13. Main t'gallant 519 sq ft (48.22 m2)

Between main and mizzen

14. Mizzen staysail 85 sq ft (7.9 m2)
15. Mizzen topmast staysail 155 sq ft (14.4 m2)

Mizzenmast

16. Mizzen course (driver) 308 sq ft (28.6 m2)
17. Mizzen topsail 643 sq ft (59.73 m2)

James Cook's HMB Endeavour
(formerly Whitby cat collier Earl of Pembroke)

Whitby cats: Box-shaped merchant sailing ships designed to carry coal and timber. Their flat bottoms allowed the ships to be driven onto a river flat or beach at high tide, loaded or unloaded at low tide, then floated off again. This was how Cook and his men repaired Endeavour after running aground off east coast of New Holland (on the Great Barrier Reef, Australia) in 1770.

Bark versus Barque: All surviving British Admiralty documentation of 1768 titles the ship used by James Cook for his 1768-1771 voyage of discovery as the Bark Endeavour. In the 18th century, ships were classified by hull shape. A ship with a flat bow and square stern was termed a Bark. If the ship did not fit any category and the rank of the captain was Lieutenant, she was also classified Bark. Resolution, Cook's ship on his second and third circumnavigations, was also a Bark but was classified a Sloop due to Cook's promotion to Commander.

By the 19th century ships were classified by rig, not hull shape. A sailing ship with three or more masts, carrying square sails on all but the after mast or mizzen, was called a Barque.

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Photography by Geoff Childs for sunnypicsoz.com. Copyright 2013 Geoff Childs...

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October 10th, 2013

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